代理媒体Proxy Media

难度LEVELL2 · 进阶L2 · Intermediate 领域TOPIC媒体管理

学习目标LEARNING OBJECTIVES

学完你能回答三件事：代理到底改了什么、原素材会不会被动、什么情况下开代理是白费功夫。

概念说明CONCEPTS

一句话：代理改的是「解码压力」，不是「画质期望」。

播放一帧要干三件事：从磁盘读、解码、合成上屏。卡顿几乎都卡在中间那一步。

解码成本大致跟两件事成正比：

  • 每帧像素数：4K（3840×2160）是 8.3 百万像素，1080p 是 2.07 百万，四分之一的代理（960×540）是 0.52 百万。8.3 ÷ 0.52 ≈ 16 倍。
  • 编解码复杂度：H.264 / H.265 是帧间压缩，解一帧要参考前后帧；ProRes、DNxHR 是帧内压缩，每帧自己解自己。同一个分辨率下，后者也明显更轻。

代理同时把这两项降下来：分辨率降一档，格式换成帧内压缩。

原素材一个字节都不会动。

代理是另外生成的一组独立文件，Resolve 记的是「这条素材的代理在哪」。原素材只被读、不被写。拔掉代理（Unlink Proxy）就回到原素材，素材本身毫发无损。

操作步骤STEPS

  1. 先定规格：Project Settings（项目设置）→ Master Settings → Optimized Media and Render Cache，选代理的分辨率和格式（常用 四分之一 + ProRes Proxy，或 DNxHR LB）。生成位置在 Preferences 的媒体存储里看。
  2. 回媒体池，选中要处理的素材（可多选）→ 右键 → Generate Proxy Media。
  3. 等后台生成完（任务进度在后台任务里看），素材图标会带代理标记。
  4. 打开 Playback（播放）菜单 → Proxy Handling → 勾 Prefer Proxies；用完切回 Prefer Camera Originals。
  5. 交付前确认已经切回原始素材，或在 Deliver 页确认没有勾选用代理渲染。

练习PRACTICE

动手任务

  1. 拿一条 4K 素材，不开代理播 30 秒，记下观感：卡不卡、拖不拖得动。
  2. 生成四分之一代理，切 Prefer Proxies，同一位置再播 30 秒，对比。
  3. 切回 Prefer Camera Originals，确认画面恢复成原素材。
  4. 去素材所在文件夹看原文件：大小和修改时间有没有变。

自检清单

做完任务后逐条自查，全部能打勾才算过。

常见问题FAQ

开了代理，导出的成片会变糊吗？

不会。代理只影响你在时间线上看到的画面。导出默认用原素材，除非你在交付设置里明确要求用代理渲染。

代理和优化媒体有什么区别？我该用哪个？

优化媒体是 Resolve 自己在缓存目录生成的，跟着工程和缓存走；代理是挂在素材上的工作副本，文件放哪由你定，能带走、能替换、能外部生成。只在一个工程里干活，用哪个都能顺；要把工程交给别的机器剪，用代理更好带。二选一，别同时开。

代理文件要留到交付之后吗？

一般不用。代理的价值在剪辑期，成片交付后可以清掉省空间。但如果还要回改，留着能省一次重新生成的时间。

单轨 1080 素材有点卡，要开代理吗？

通常不值得。单轨 1080 卡顿更可能是别的原因：后台任务在跑、缓存没建、磁盘太慢。代理的收益在「4K 多轨 + 长 GOP 编码」这种组合上才明显。

代理生成要多久？会不会卡住我干活？

是后台任务，生成期间可以继续剪，只是那条素材还没变轻。大批量素材建议开工前先挂上生成，喝杯水回来就差不多了。

Learning Objectives学习目标

After this card you can answer three things: what proxies actually change, whether your originals can be touched, and when a proxy is simply not worth it.

Concepts概念说明

In one sentence: a proxy changes the decoding load, not the image you expect to deliver.

Playing one frame takes three jobs: read from disk, decode, composite to screen. Stutter almost always sits in the middle one.

Decode cost scales with two things:

  • Pixels per frame: 4K (3840×2160) is 8.3 megapixels, 1080p is 2.07 MP, and a quarter-resolution proxy (960×540) is 0.52 MP. 8.3 ÷ 0.52 ≈ 16×.
  • Codec complexity: H.264 / H.265 use inter-frame compression, so decoding one frame references neighbouring frames; ProRes and DNxHR are intra-frame, so each frame decodes on its own. At the same resolution, the latter is clearly lighter.

A proxy lowers both at once: one step down in resolution, plus an intra-frame format.

Not a single byte of your original is touched.

A proxy is a separate set of files; Resolve only records where a clip's proxy lives. The original is read, never written. Unlink the proxy and you are back on the original, intact.

Steps操作步骤

  1. Set the spec first: Project Settings → Master Settings → Optimized Media and Render Cache, choose proxy resolution and format (commonly quarter resolution + ProRes Proxy, or DNxHR LB). The generation location sits in Preferences under media storage.
  2. Back in the Media Pool, select the clips (multi-select works) → right-click → Generate Proxy Media.
  3. Let the background job finish (progress shows in background tasks); the clip icon gains a proxy badge.
  4. Open the Playback menu → Proxy Handling → tick Prefer Proxies; switch back to Prefer Camera Originals when you're done.
  5. Before delivery, confirm you're back on originals — or check the Deliver page that proxy rendering isn't enabled.

Practice练习

Hands-on task

  1. Take one 4K clip and play 30 seconds without a proxy; note how it feels: stutter, laggy scrubbing.
  2. Generate a quarter-resolution proxy, switch to Prefer Proxies, and play the same 30 seconds.
  3. Switch back to Prefer Camera Originals and confirm the picture returns to the original.
  4. Look at the original file in its folder: did its size or modified date change?

Self-check

Work through the task, then tick every line; all checked means you own this card.

FAQ常见问题

Will my export be softer if I graded on proxies?

No. A proxy only affects what you see on the timeline. Export uses the originals by default unless you explicitly ask for proxy rendering in delivery settings.

What is the difference from Optimized Media, and which should I use?

Optimized Media is generated by Resolve into its cache and travels with the project and cache; a proxy is a working copy attached to the clip, stored wherever you choose, swappable and generatable outside Resolve. Working on one machine, either will smooth playback; handing the project to another machine, proxies travel better. Pick one — don't run both.

Should I keep the proxy files after delivery?

Usually not. Proxies pay off during editing, so you can delete them afterwards to reclaim space. If you expect revisions, keeping them saves a regeneration pass.

A single 1080 track stutters — should I proxy it?

Usually not worth it. Single-track 1080 stutter is more often something else: a background task running, missing cache, or a slow drive. Proxies pay off on 4K multi-track work and long-GOP codecs.

How long does generation take — will it block me?

It runs in the background; you can keep editing while it works, that clip just isn't lighter yet. For a big batch, kick off generation before you start and it's usually done by the time you need it.

深度资料：代理媒体 →Deep dive: 代理媒体 →

本卡术语Terms in this card

媒体池Media Pool 时间线Timeline 编码器Codec 交付页Deliver page 导出Export H.264H.264 ProResProRes 渲染Render 分辨率Resolution 标记Marker Gain（亮部）Gain 项目设置Project Settings 合成Compositing 解码Decode 帧Frame 长 GOPLong GOP 像素Pixel 代理Proxy 引用（剪辑）Reference