FFmpeg:把命令读成人话FFmpeg: Reading a Command
学习目标LEARNING OBJECTIVES
学完你能把一条 FFmpeg 命令读成人话,并知道 crf 怎么选。
概念说明CONCEPTS
ffmpeg -i input.mov -c:v libx264 -crf 18 -preset slow -c:a aac -b:a 192k output.mp4:输入文件 → 视频用 H.264 编码 → crf 质量(越小越好)→ preset slow(慢一点换更小体积)→ 音频 AAC 192k → 输出文件(格式由后缀决定)。
crf 怎么选:18 接近无损(母版留档)、23 日常交付、28+ 暗部和渐变开始出块。
备用两条:抽一帧 ffmpeg -ss 00:00:12 -i in.mp4 -frames:v 1 shot.png;无损剪一段 ffmpeg -ss 00:00:10 -to 00:00:25 -i in.mp4 -c copy clip.mp4。
操作步骤STEPS
- 把命令按空格拆成六段,逐段说人话
- 改 crf 为 28 再导一次,对比体积与暗部
- 用 ffprobe 验证输出参数
练习PRACTICE
动手任务
把一条素材分别用 crf 18 与 28 各导一次,对比体积与暗部渐变。
自检清单
做完任务后逐条自查,全部能打勾才算过。
常见问题FAQ
crf 18 和 23 差别大吗?
18 接近无损(母版用),23 日常交付最省心;28 以上暗部和渐变开始出块。
-preset slow 是画质更好吗?
不是——慢一点,换更小体积:同样质量下文件更小。
Learning Objectives学习目标
After this card you can read an FFmpeg command like a sentence and choose crf with intent.
Concepts概念说明
ffmpeg -i input.mov -c:v libx264 -crf 18 -preset slow -c:a aac -b:a 192k output.mp4: input file → video coded as H.264 → crf quality (lower is better) → preset slow (slower, smaller file) → audio AAC 192k → output file (format follows the extension).
Choosing crf: 18 near-lossless (archive masters), 23 everyday delivery, 28+ blocks appear in shadows and gradients.
Two spares: grab a frame ffmpeg -ss 00:00:12 -i in.mp4 -frames:v 1 shot.png; lossless trim ffmpeg -ss 00:00:10 -to 00:00:25 -i in.mp4 -c copy clip.mp4.
Steps操作步骤
- Split the command into six parts and say each in plain words
- Re-export at crf 28 and compare size and shadows
- Verify the output parameters with ffprobe
Practice练习
Hands-on task
Export one clip at crf 18 and again at 28; compare size and gradient banding.
Self-check
Work through the task, then tick every line; all checked means you own this card.
FAQ常见问题
Is there a big difference between crf 18 and 23?
18 is near-lossless (masters), 23 is the everyday delivery sweet spot; 28+ starts blocking in shadows and gradients.
Does -preset slow mean better quality?
No — slower, smaller file: the same quality at a smaller size.
本卡术语Terms in this card
归档Archive 导出Export H.264H.264 预设Preset 变速Speed 修剪Trim CRF(质量参数)CRF FFmpegFFmpeg 帧Frame PNGPNG